History of Protest Movements

Significant protest and resistance movements throughout history

25 cards · history

Cards (25)

Front	Back
Peasants' Revolt	1381, England; peasants rose against taxes; crushed Triggered by a poll tax; leader Wat Tyler was killed; brief concessions were reversed.
Haitian Revolution	1791–1804, Saint-Domingue; enslaved people overthrew French rule Led by Toussaint Louverture and Jean-Jacques Dessalines; created independent Haiti in 1804.
Chartism	1838–1848, Britain; mass movement for male suffrage; failed short-term The People’s Charter demanded six reforms; many aims were adopted later in the century.
Revolutions of 1848	1848, Europe; liberal-national uprisings; largely suppressed Fueled by economic crisis and demands for rights; planted ideas that shaped later nation-states.
US Women's Suffrage	1848–1920, US; won women’s vote via 19th Amendment From Seneca Falls to mass lobbying and protest; ratified in August 1920.
British Women's Suffrage	1903–1918, UK; won limited vote 1918, equal 1928 Suffragists and suffragettes pressured Parliament; 1928 law equalized voting terms.
1905 Russian Revolution	1905, Russian Empire; unrest forced creation of the Duma Sparked by Bloody Sunday; strikes and mutinies compelled the October Manifesto.
May Fourth Movement	1919, China; student protests for sovereignty and reform Opposed Versailles concessions to Japan; energized cultural and political modernization.
Salt March	1930, India; civil disobedience against salt tax Gandhi’s 240-mile march to Dandi spurred nationwide boycott and mass arrests.
Quit India Movement	1942, India; mass protests demanding British withdrawal; repressed Launched by Congress; leaders jailed; helped build momentum toward independence.
US Civil Rights Movement	1954–1968, US; ended legal segregation; secured civil/voting rights Nonviolent protest and litigation led to the 1964 Civil Rights and 1965 Voting Rights Acts.
Hungarian Revolution	1956, Hungary; anti-Soviet uprising crushed Began with student demands; Soviet tanks reimposed control; many killed or exiled.
Anti-apartheid Movement	1950s–1994, South Africa; ended apartheid via negotiations Protests, boycotts, and global sanctions pressured the regime; 1994 multiracial elections followed.
May 1968 Protests	1968, France; student-worker revolt spurred reforms Nationwide strikes paralyzed France; Grenelle Accords raised wages and changed labor relations.
Prague Spring	1968, Czechoslovakia; reform movement crushed by invasion Dubček’s “socialism with a human face” ended when Warsaw Pact forces intervened.
Solidarity	1980–1989, Poland; union-led movement won semi-free elections Born in Gdańsk shipyard strikes; Round Table Talks paved a peaceful transition.
People Power Revolution	1986, Philippines; mass protests ousted Marcos Nonviolent EDSA demonstrations and military defections restored democracy.
Tiananmen Square Protests	1989, Beijing; pro-democracy protests crushed by army Hundreds to thousands were killed; discussion of the event remains censored in China.
Velvet Revolution	1989, Czechoslovakia; peaceful protests ended communist rule Civic Forum and Public Against Violence led mass rallies; Václav Havel became president.
Orange Revolution	2004–2005, Ukraine; protests forced election rerun Fraud allegations sparked sit-ins and strikes; Viktor Yushchenko won the revote.
Green Movement	2009, Iran; election protests suppressed “Where is my vote?” rallies met with crackdowns; Neda Agha-Soltan became a symbol.
Arab Spring	2010–2012, Arab world; uprisings toppled rulers in Tunisia, Egypt Sparked by Mohamed Bouazizi’s self-immolation; outcomes ranged from reform to civil war.
Euromaidan	2013–2014, Ukraine; pro-EU protests ousted Yanukovych Began after an EU deal was shelved; culminated in the Revolution of Dignity.
Hong Kong Protests	2019–2020, Hong Kong; anti-extradition and democracy protests Mass marches and clashes led to concessions; National Security Law curtailed dissent.
Black Lives Matter	2013–present, US; movement against police brutality and racism Grew after killings such as George Floyd’s; sparked global protests and policy debates.